The combination of Brexit, Putin's ongoing failed invasion attempt of Ukraine and Trump's threats of invading Greenland has convinced Iceland to start looking into EU membership again.
https://www.reuters.com/world/iceland-p ... 026-03-06/
If they would choose to restart negotiations, this could have an impact on Norway's stance as well.
Norway has held two referendums on joining the EU, in 1973 and 1994. As recently as in 2018 74% of Norwegians polled opposed memebership, but in recent polls, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Trump's trade wars and the threat looming over Greenland has started to sway them.
Recent polls show 41% of Norwegians being in favour of joining. Still less than the 48% that oppose it, but the Conservative party is now arguing that joining the EU is a strategic necessioty for Norway's long term security.
Should Iceland decide to join, that would most likely lead to an increase in the number of Norwegians who favour membership as well.
https://euobserver.com/197351/the-green ... n-eu-bloc/
https://www.chathamhouse.org/2025/04/jo ... -closer-eu
There are currently 9 recognised candidates for EU membership, plus an applicant (Kosovo) that has not been recognised as a candidate yet. There are some issues vis-a-vis Serbia that has to be resolved first. Turkey's candidacy is currently frozen. They applied for membership in 1987 and initiated negotiations in 2005, but these have been frozen since the crackdown on opposition figures in 2016 following an attempted coup.
Candidates that are in the process of negotiating their memebership are dark green.
Georgia and Bosnia (light green) are recognised as candidates, but negotiations have not started yet.
Kosovo (yellow) is an applicant, but have not been given candidate status yet.
Turkey, frozen negotiations = red.
Member states are blue.
Norway and Iceland could quite possibly become green within the near future.
The candidate country that is closeset to achieving membership is Montenegro. They are scheduled to reach membership status in 2028.
Ukraine is a special case. They have started negotiations, but normally these may take a decade or so before a country is accepted as members. There is a long list of criteria you need to meet. But membership in the EU may be a solution to the security gurantees they ask for, as it seems they can not be granted Nato membership. There are discussions if they should be granted a sort of apprentice or second rate membership, where they are recognised as members but will lack some of the rights and benefits till they meet all membership criteria.
The problem is that this speeded up process might meet protests from the other candidates.
So should they also be allowed to join on these terms? These are tricky questions.
We also have the problem with Hungary, who fulfilled all criteria when joining, but under Orban have rolled back human rights, minority rights, freedom of the press and independence of the courts in recent years. How should the EU handle this?
Now, with a bit of luck the latter problem may get solved in April, as polls have the opposition winning in the parliamentary elections held then.
Hopefully they will restore Hungarian legislation so it meets the requirements of EU ground rules again.
But this may happen again in other member states, so we need to establish clear ground rules on how to handle this in the future.
One measure that has already been put in place is that the EU Commission can freeze payouts to a member state that does not exercise rule of law as defined in the EU Charter. There has also been suggestions that voting rights should require adhering to EU law.
It's one thing running an organisation of six or even fifteen countries, but 27 - in a system that requires unanimous decisions on important issues - is tricky. And if we let in all the candidates, plus perhaps Iceland and Norway, we'll be at 38 and counting...
We really need to get rid of the requirement of unanimous decisions and switch to qualifed majorities, as we already use for most issues.
A qualified majority in EU council votes requires that 55% of countries, representing at least 65% of the EU population are needed to win a vote. An addition to this is that a blocking minority must consist of at least four countries, so even if the three biggest countries oppose a certain vote, they cannot block it, even if they should represent more than 35% of the population, unless they can get a fourth member state to join them.